love vs. faith
by Douglas Messerli
Eugène
Cormon and Michael Carré (libretto), Georges Bizet (composer) Les Pêcheurs de Perles (The
Pearl Fishers) / New York, The Metropolitan Opera / the production Howard
Fox and I attended was the High Definition Broadcast on January 16, 2016
Changing the
location from the more specific island of Sri Lanka (Ceylon), the Metropolitan
Opera’s production of Georges Bizet’s Les
Pêcheurs de Perles (The Pearl Fishers)—the
first time on their stage for over 100 years—is set in a vague “Far East,” its
ramshackle sea-side village filled with figures dressed in a wide-range of
outfits that cover everything from the mid-19th century to the
contemporary, and who inhabit rooms fit out with run-down refrigerators and
television sets. These brawny pearl fishers reach for out a “brewski” while
still worshipping the ancient brahma, and still glorifying their religion with
the nightly songs of a vestal virgin, Leïla (Diana Damrau) who might have been
at home in ancient times. By permitting these obvious anachronisms, director
Penny Woolcock allows for the exoticism of Bizet’s world while bringing that
fairytale landscape into the real world. 
That tactic pays off by transferring our
attention from the obvious flaws of Eugène Cormon’s and Michael Carré’s
original libretto and later disastrous musical revisions by the opera’s publisher
Choudens, back to Bizet’s sparklingly limpid score. Under the careful and yet
exploratory hand of conductor Gianandrea Noseda, we can now again hear the
constant references to the surrounding ocean (made even more theatrically
central by beginning the opera with plunge of two pearl fishers into the deep
sea—using skilled company dancers with newfound aerial skills to pretend the
undulations of swimming) and discover that there are more than two great arias
to this almost forgotten opera.
Yes, the well-known tenor-baritone duet, “Amitié
sainte,” a swearing of the two male lead’s eternal friendship (that reads to
anyone with an ounce of imagination as a male-male matrimony); but almost as
memorable is Nadir’s (Matthew Polenzani) solo recounting of the beauty of Leïla,
“Je crois entendre encore.” And the choral pieces of both acts I and II
beautifully bind the personal emotions of the village leader Zurga (Mariusz
Kwiecien), Nadir and Leïla, with the fears, strengths, and desires of the
community as a whole.
In part, this tale, like so many operas,
represents a struggle to express the self within the confines of communal rules
and decorum. Nadir’s and Leïla’s love does not only betray the love of Nadir
and Zurga, but the pledge Leïla has made to the community and their god.
The fact that both men are also in love
with this woman merely complicates the various positions, public and private, which
have been imposed upon them in this slightly desperate world, threatened by the
possibility of daily death by drowning, being crushed by the waters tsunamis,
and, at opera’s end, destroyed by fire. In short, the central question of the
opera becomes how can these individuals sublimate their private passions to
their public declarations and their faith?
The character of Zurga, in particular,
is torn between these issues. It is he, despite the outcry of the community,
who must decide whether the discovered sinners must live or die, and he openly
wavers again and again, twice by the end of Act I.
Even after he has sentenced them to
death, Act II finds him suffering for his decision; and, upon meeting with Leïla,
who argues for him to spare Nadir, even if he kills her, he once again
temporarily rescinds his decision, desperately wanting to believe that the
whole affair was a thing of accident instead of a preconceived betrayal of
Nadir’s and his love.
But as Leïla goes on to restate their
love, Zurga’s feelings of reconciliation quickly turn to jealousy and vengeance
again in the magnificently tumultuous ending of “Je frémis, je chancelle, de
son âme cruelle,” in response to which the previously submissive Leïla curses
Zurga and proudly embraces her death beside her lover.
Once again, it appears, community
values will outweigh personal passions; but having now realized that he has,
symbolically speaking, had his own night with Leïla when, as a child, she
offered him haven in her family home, Zurga shifts position one more time, in
this case ardently turning against his community and religion by setting the
fragile wooden homes afire, and sending the city’s inhabitants back to their
burning homes in order to save their endangered children. While the lovers
escape, his fate seems sealed, as he, himself, in this production, appears to
be surrounded by flames. And no matter what outcome we might imagine for
events, his passion for both Nadir and Leïla has set his own life afire at the
expense of communal obligations and faith.
So excellent is this new production of
the early Bizet opera, we can be assured that at least for several years, The Pearl Fishers will again be
available, at least in New York.
Los Angeles,
January 17, 2016
